Field Emission SEM Examination of Organic Polymers

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Organic polymers are a class of materials that are widely used in many traditional as well as emerging technologies. Polymers are used in applications from automotive parts, building materials, clothing, health care, battery and solar applications, and aerospace parts. Although the application range spans many levels of sophistication in materials and processing, two key factors – chemical composition and morphology – govern polymer performance. Materials science is the study of structure-property relationships via microscopy, spectroscopy, and mechanical property testing. Because morphology is a key factor to performance many microscopy techniques have been employed over the last four decades, the most ubiquitous of these is the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).1

Advances in SEM have led to brighter sources, ield emission ilaments; low vacuum also termed environmental SEM (eSEM), and low voltage SEM (LV-SEM). Generally samples examined in the SEM need to be electrically conducting in order to minimize charge buildup on the sample from the electron beam. Charge buildup can severely degrade the resultant image data.1 Three approaches can be employed to minimize charging. Typically metal coat the sample with an inert metal like gold. Another option is to increase the pressure in the sample chamber (eSEM) so that the gas molecules balance the charge. The third option is to decrease the electron beam voltage (LV-SEM) so that the beam energy is at the charge equilibrium point.

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