Characterization of Optical Components for DWDM Applications
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Introduction
In recent years, the testing of fiber optic components for DWDM applications has become increasingly challenging. For example:
– Channel spacing has constantly reduced, so wavelength measurements must be increasingly accurate.
– New high-power EDFAs have triggered a need for optical detectors capable of measuring such high powers.
– The increasing length of fiber links has driven a demand for new test parameters such as ‘polarization dependent loss’, a type of signal distortion that can accumulate over distance.
In addition, the huge demand for fiber optic components, driven by the daily growth of bandwidth requirements, forced manufacturers to increase their throughputs dramatically. Thus, easy test setup and reduced test times are becoming essential drivers in the market. Many of the parameters used to specify and characterize passive optical components can be derived from a rather small set of basic measurements. Since the specified performance of a certain parameter cannot be better than the uncertainty inherent in the test system, it is usually preferable to achieve the highest accuracy that test time and investment allows. This offers the possibility of balancing an improved specification for the parameter against an increase in yield.